Do not hand in homework electronically; print it out and bring it to class.
Problem 1. (Difficulty: 1)
Suppose you are in possession of a device such that if you give it a positive integer n and an integer a in [1,n], you are told one solution to x2 = a (mod n) if a solution exists, or told that no solution exists if such is the case. If the equation has more than one solution, the device picks one of these by some method unknown to you. Assume that the device takes polynomial time; that is, the time it takes to present its answer is bounded by a constant times a fixed power of log(n). Show how, armed with such a device, one can factor via a probabilistic algorithm with expected running time being polynomial.
Problem 2. (Difficulty: 1) Let n be the product of distinct primes and let e,d be inverses mod phi(n). Factor n for the following values:
n = 12167743697078823982285244561960404776234566754991007 e = 28258238181581995919207 d = 9711423862090244315080011600854726586677192251800743
Problem 3. (Difficulty: 1) Let n be the product of distinct primes p,q and let e,d be inverses mod phi(n). Here d is less than 1/3 * n1/4 and p is between q and 2q. Factor n for the following values:
n = 151339355784268862864759120910925660361478568759617718849686393875476226860927728820162298798444560267328429 e = 47011760371307472336991404805847545822065047648754062545767018099994341894667675275660856278086265516059587
Problem 4. (Difficulty: 1) Let n1, n2, and n3, all be RSA moduli. Assume they are pairwise coprime. Let M be a number coprime to n1, n2, and n3. Here is M3 modulo each of the above three moduli; recover M.
n1 = 495686857566818933643731261008796623698621036637084896532377802272962445660829 M cubed mod n1 = 415187664033726855915723321090424502301717752950859170859603113265082093429509 n2 = 7002863119690523625149150663368289022346584130230947342910706423731579283453 M cubed mod n2 = 6398774707225696589164222858440863055200201126165875935672268746441800383699 n3 = 80635254989105072933971955953143348542680821191821297820451940193722465944913 M cubed mod n3 = 71519715094104667253654598558184719595919913945972035102241985006191784298462